Abstract:
In sub-Saharan Africa, livestock deaths due to disease have large impacts on household income and nutrition. As part of the
larger Health for Animals and Livelihood Improvement (HALI) project assessing the impact of zoonotic disease and water
scarcity on rural livelihoods, the authors examined the association between landscape factors and livestock deaths attributed
to disease in pastoralist households living near Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. Preliminary results suggest that households
located farther from the center of the village and farther from water sources suffered greater livestock losses due to disease.
Livestock disease losses were greater in Pawaga than in Idodi Division, underscoring the importance of localized factors that
may influence disease. The presence of wildlife and close proximity to roads were not associated with livestock disease losses.
However, that is not to say the perception of disease from wildlife is not important, nor can it be said that interactions in the
opposite direction (from livestock to wildlife) are not important. These assessments will require further investigation, which
is currently underway. Study data also support the importance of water availability for livestock health and productivity.
In conclusion, both local and regional strategies to increase livestock productivity should consider within-village disease
variation and ensure that more remote households have access to extension and veterinary services.
